An excellent way to simplify and streamline your cascading style sheets css is to take advantage of the many different shorthand properties available to you. One of the many great possibilities in css is the use of shorthand properties, which let you specify several properties by using only one. Writing multiple properties and their values in a single line of css code is known as css shorthand technique. Page 1 of 5 quick reference guide free cascading style sheets. This section contains a complete list of standard properties belonging to the latest css3 specifications. Although both of these reasons are very minor, every bit of speed and size counts. Css shorthand properties is the efficient way of condensing and shortening your css code. Cascading style sheets, level 2 revision 1 world wide web. Inline 20, wedeclare this particular p element to use 20point font size. Top 5 css shorthand properties posted by jeff starr in css. Sometime after lea verou suggested that its a quirk of the syntax and not the developer mindset, a small addition to the css transforms spec was developed. Css shorthand properties a simple way to list all shorthand css properties and which properties they expand to. Css shorthand properties learn how to make your pages load faster using css shorthand properties for backgrounds, borders, colours, fonts, lists, margins, padding, and outlines. Does itextsharp support css borderbottom shorthand property.
A collection of the most useful and most used css shorthand properties. Specifies the default alignment for items within the flex container. The css padding properties are used to generate space around an elements content, inside of any defined borders. Developers often use html and css cheat sheets during the workflow. Css cheat sheet contains the most common style snippets. Cascading style sheets css 3 values in italics are place holders for an actual value like 1px, 1em, 1%, values in normal text are values that can be used as the actual value css properties in dark red are shorthand properties and each value must be defined.
Line 21 uses element em to emphasize text, which most browsers do by making. Css border shorthand property with syntax, values and examples. To shorten the code, it is also possible to specify all the individual border properties in one property. Shorthand properties can take multiple values, allow you to write less code, and provide smaller files for the user to download. For their precise definitions please refer to the css specifications. This tutorial should have given you an understanding of how the grid shorthand property works.
The flex css property sets how a flex item will grow or shrink to fit the space available in its flex container. Shrthnd is a handy tool that converts css properties into shorthand, making shorter and more readable stylesheets. It seems i wasnt the only one subconsciously wanting this shortcut. After all, the font shorthand property was just minding its own business, trying to save developers some lines of code, and i come along and declare it an outcast. Css properties and values property values description and notes background any combination of the values for backgroundattachment, backgroundcolor, backgroundimage, backgroundrepeat, andor backgroundposition, or inherit for changing the background color and image of elements. Css margin property leave blank space around the content elements outside of border. Jan, 2016 condense your css code by writing in css shorthand. It expands on the basic information found in the getting started with css tutorial. Working with a great deal of css, you inevitably retain these diverse alternate ways. This site uses cookies to improve and monitor its performance. Css shorthand properties shorthand properties allow us to write multiple properties in a single line and in a compact way.
The bulk of the reference manual consists of the css 2. Used wisely, they can make your style sheets smaller so they will load a little faster and easier to read. This short article covers the various bits of css shorthand youll encounter in your day to day work. Using the shorthand approach also slims down your javascript when you manipulate the css for elements through script. I tried to search for an existing simple list but couldnt find one, so i trawled through the various w3c css specs and collated the data. Logic that might take up two or more lines, can be conveyed in a single line in some cases. We have trained over 90,000 students from over 16,000 organizations on technologies such as microsoft asp. Like you saw in the previous page, there are many properties to consider when dealing with borders. Basically, all i need is a list of the shorthand properties. Webucator provides instructorled training to students throughout the us and canada. This can all be consolidated down to the css shorthand of.
Since css has so many selectors and declarations that might be hard to remember, weve put together a complete css and css3 cheat sheet to help you master the language. One of the main advantages of using css is the large reduction in web page download time. Nodes in the graph can be collapsed and expanded to convert between longhand and shorthand properties. Aug 01, 2018 an excellent way to simplify and streamline your cascading style sheets css is to take advantage of the many different shorthand properties available to you. In this handson course, christina truong demonstrates the concepts that form the foundation of css, explaining what you need to know to tweak existing css and write your own.
Only properties implemented by the major browsers are shown in this table. The background shorthand property is useful because it allows us to do more with less code. The css margin properties are used to create space around elements, outside of any defined borders with css, you have full control over the margins. Css tricks a quick guide to css shorthand properties 2018. This tutorial covers both the versions css1 and css2 and gives a complete understanding of css, starting from its basics to advanced concepts. There are properties for setting the margin for each side of an element top, right, bottom, and left. The borderbottom shorthand css property does not work. Some css properties allow a string of values, replacing the need for a number of properties. This css shorthand property will only work if youre specifying both the fontsize and the fontfamily omit either and the css rule will be completely ignored.
Having a guideline makes the property declaration easier to read and write. These cheats contain the fundamental elements like html tags, css values and properties. Jun 25, 2009 but there is a shorthand css property for declaring certain typographical properties that is wellsupported across all common browsers, but a little quirky to work with. Also, if you dont specify the fontweight, fontstyle, or fontvarient then these values will automatically default to a value of normal, so do bear this in mind too. For instance, the font property is a shorthand property for setting. Below are all of the css properties supported by prince. So, although i still dont agree with ever using font shorthand, i do think its important that css. Using a shorthand property, you can write more concise and often more readable style sheets, saving time and energy. There are normal properties in the css that control a single display parameter, and there are shorthand properties that control several parameters simultaneously. Css properties in dark red are shorthand properties and each value must be. Mar 17, 2010 in the past ive displayed some serious animosity towards the css font shorthand property, so i feel i should make up for it. This also doesnt directly answer the question of combining directional properties with a position property, which is something that will probably never happen in css. How to use the css liststyle shorthand property webucator. About the tutorial css is used to control the style of a web document in a simple and easy way.
They combine related properties into a shorthand form. Css font shorthand property cheat sheet impressive webs. In the past ive displayed some serious animosity towards the css font shorthand property, so i feel i should make up for it. Cascading style sheets, level 2 css2 specification the css specification, from the w3c. The biggest tip i can offer to those using the background shorthand property is to establish a standardized way of ordering the background property values. In this tutorial, we will learn the code of list shorthand property in html and css. Then, fontsize is the property name, and 20px is the value. By reducing the file size, you cut down on bandwidth and most importantly you increase the speed of your website loading times. For instance, the css background property is a shorthand property thats able to define the values of backgroundcolor, backgroundimage, backgroundrepeat, and backgroundposition. A javascript function i made needs to parse all css values that dont necessarily have one value attached to them. For example, the fontsize property is normal, since it only controls the font size. Css font shorthand property cheat sheet by impressive webs.
Browser compatibility desktop chrome firefox gecko internet explorer opera safari webkit basic support 48. Shorthand properties are css properties that let you set the values of multiple other css properties simultaneously. In the font shorthand, the lineheight has not been defined, and will lose its ancestors value of 1. The css specification defines shorthand properties to group the definition of common properties acting on the same theme. Here we will demonstrate to you the shorthand guidelines for the accompanying properties. Musthave css cheat sheets for web designers styleshout. Css border property the css border property is a shorthand property that sets the values of borderwidth, borderstyle and bordercolor for all four sides of an element.
Each css property the fontsize property in this case is followed by acolonanda value. Nov 09, 2015 shorthand properties are css properties that let you set the values of several other css properties simultaneously. So when we do a css reset, is the any reason to not use the font shorthand to initialize html, for example. A fabulous approach to improve and streamline your css is to exploit the a wide range of shorthand properties accessible to you. One of the many great features of css is that you can use shorthand properties to reduce the file size of your css.
The advantage is that you will get all the essential elements at a glance. Working with a lot of css, you eventually memorize these different shortcuts, but every now and then, i find myself needing a quick, straightforward reference for some of the more elaborate property combinations. User input updating property values can result in the generation of compact css code that. Transitions properties property transition a shorthand property for setting the four transition properties transition property specifies the name of the css property the transition effect is for transitionduration specifies how many seconds or milliseconds a transition effect takes to. In most cases, the browser sets a default value if you leave out an optional one. Shorthand properties apply all of the values you want to give multiple related longhand properties, but in a single declaration. Css css notes for professionals notes for professionals free programming books disclaimer this is an uno cial free book created for educational purposes and is not a liated with o cial css groups or companys. In this article ill describe how the css font shorthand property is used, how it can be misused, and what potential drawbacks there might be to including it in your css code. Css properties and values propertyvalues description and notes background any combination of the values for backgroundattachment, backgroundcolor, backgroundimage, backgroundrepeat, andor backgroundposition, or inherit for changing the background color and image of elements. Css property reference complete web developer course.
Cheat sheets are the best reference aid for your workflow. The border property is a shorthand property for the following individual border properties. Css shorthand vs longhand properties a fabulous approach to improve and streamline your css is to exploit the a wide range of shorthand properties accessible to you. There are properties for setting the padding for each side of an element top, right, bottom, and left. Css quick reference guide the following table is based upon the css 2. Css font shorthand free tutorial to learn html and css. The border shorthand property is used when you want to make all four sides the same.
Creating css animations is a two step process, as shown in the example below. One thing to be kept in mind is that while using the css shorthand technique is that the. Find out how to use the css border shorthand property in these steps. A shorthand property for setting columnwidth and columncount properties. These are represented by values separated by spaces. Shorthand properties are marked with paging size marks pagebreakbefore pagebreakafter pagebreakinside page orphans widows color background color background backgroundcolor backgroundimage backgroundrepeat backgroundattachment backgroundposition fonts font fontfamily fontstyle fontvariant fontweight fontstretch fontsize. A few css properties allow for one single property to replace many properties. One of the primary advantages of css is that it greatly reduces page load times. Shorthand properties allow you to specify a set of related css properties with a single property. Specifies the alignment of flexible containers items within the flex container. Shorthand properties are css properties that let you set the values of several other css properties simultaneously. The css property fontstretch was initially defined in css 2, but dropped in css 2. A simple way to list all shorthand css properties and which properties they expand to i tried to search for an existing simple list but couldnt find one, so i trawled through the various w3c css specs and collated the data. Play around with it, see what other aspects of the css grid module you can use with it, and let us know how much time it saves you.
If set, the associated element takes computed value of its parent elements margin shorthand property initial value. Css margin shorthand property css tutorials w3resource. The flex shorthand property written by jorge montoya on june 03, 2019 web design in the previous tutorials of the css flexbox series, you learned that the flexgrow property specifies how items expand relative to each other to fill up the available remaining space within the flexcontainer. Css animation shorthand property css animation shorthand property and how it can be used to greatly simplify your animation definitions. Use these properties to write concise and readable stylesheet.
How to use the css border shorthand property webucator. Here are 5 commonly used shorthand properties which can help you in optimizing your stylesheets. Introduction to css shorthand one of the many great possibilities in css is the use of shorthand properties, which let you specify several properties by using only one. Ever since i first dove into css transforms i have often wished for one seemingly simple change. It is pretty hard to remember each and every element of css or html so keeping a reference is always good. Css margin property support pixel, percentage or auto measurement value. An authoring tool for css retains original user syntax and generates css markup that minimizes a total number of properties in the markup.
Css font shorthand cheat sheet pdf impressive webs. By continuing to use this site, you are agreeing to. Cascading style sheets css is a stylesheet language that allows you to control the appearance of your webpages. A directed graph is generated from the original user markup. Other shorthand properties exist, like background, border and margin. The css3 animations take it a step further with keyframebased animations that allow you to specify the changes in css properties over time as a set of keyframes, like flash animations. Also, if you dont specify the fontweight, fontstyle, or fontvarient then these values will automatically default to a value of normal. The popular and most used shorthand properties are given below. A great introduction to css which includes descriptions of these shorthand properties. They are useful as they provide clean code and also decrease the loc line of code. Css gradient, background, button, fontfamily, border, radius, box and. Net, microsoft office, azure, windows, java, adobe, python, sql, javascript, angular and much more. If i specify each property individually i get the desired results but the xhtml i am working with already has all the css written using this shorthand property.
14 469 261 618 988 1049 851 69 1084 970 29 337 567 1332 559 136 1438 874 845 966 1448 1291 77 148 1242 10 718 1464 637 906 209 1487 734 91 869 1484 810